Voron Printed Parts Guide — Print Your Own ABS Parts for Your Build

搭建 材料 指南

每台Voron打印机都依赖一套3D打印的结构组件。这些零件固定运动系统、锚定工具头，并构成龙门架角件。自行打印既能节省成本，也是一种入门仪式。但ABS不易打印，出错会导致零件翘曲、层间剥离或尺寸偏差，从而影响整个组装。本指南涵盖成功打印Voron零件所需的一切。

打印零件概述

打印零件数量因Voron型号而异。每个零件必须能在标准FDM打印机上打印，要求打印平台尺寸至少200x200mm，并配备能维持ABS腔室温度的封闭箱体。

• Voron V0.2： Approximately 50 printed parts. Smaller parts overall, fitting easily on a 200x200mm bed.
• Voron Trident： Approximately 60 printed parts. Includes gantry corners, Z motor mounts, and toolhead components.
• Voron V2.4： Approximately 80 printed parts. The most complex set, with gantry corners, AB drive frames, Z joint housings, and the toolhead.

所有零件均可从Voron GitHub仓库免费下载STL文件。文件包含打印方向标记和关键特征（如螺纹嵌件孔）的注释。

PIF vs 自印：哪种方式适合你？

获取Voron打印零件有三种选择。

Print It Forward (PIF) 计划

PIF是Voron社区的质量保障计划。经批准的PIF打印者是有经验的组装者，他们在实际Voron机器上使用经过验证的设置和认证的ABS或ASA耗材打印零件。每个零件在发货前都会检查尺寸精度、层间粘合和表面光洁度。全套零件价格因型号而异，约$50-100。这是首次组装者的最安全选择——零件质量有保障，任何问题由供应商负责。

自印

自行打印可节省成本并掌控过程，但需要一台能打印ABS的3D打印机、调校良好的机器和封闭箱体。如果你已有能处理ABS的打印机（如带封闭箱体的Ender 3或Prusa MK3S），自印是可行且令人满足的路径。

中国直购预印零件

许多中国直购Voron套件供应商也销售预印ABS零件。质量参差不齐：有些优秀——使用工业级机器和验证设置打印；有些则仓促完成、翘曲或使用未知ABS混合物。若选择此方式，请从对打印零件质量有正面评价的供应商购买。

自印的打印机要求

要自行打印Voron零件，你的打印机必须满足以下最低要求：

• 打印体积： Minimum 200mm x 200mm x 200mm. Some Voron V2.4 gantry corner parts are quite large and may require a 220x220mm bed to fit comfortably.
• 封闭腔室： Absolutely mandatory for ABS. A cardboard box is not sufficient — you need an enclosure that can maintain 45-60C chamber temperature without drafts. Lack of enclosure is the #1 cause of failed ABS prints.
• 全金属热端： Required for 240-260C nozzle temperatures. PTFE-lined hotends degrade at these temperatures and release toxic fumes.
• 加热床： Must reach 100-110C reliably. A 120V AC bed heater or silicone heater pad is ideal.

耗材选择

并非所有ABS都生而平等。Voron社区已筛选出少数经过验证的可靠选择。

ABS（推荐）

• eSun ABS+： The beginner's choice. Lower printing temperature, less shrinkage, better layer adhesion than standard ABS. It is more forgiving of imperfect enclosure conditions. Start here if this is your first ABS print.
• Polymaker PolyLite ABS： Higher strength than eSun ABS+, better surface finish, but requires tighter temperature control. Good for experienced ABS printers building a performance-focused Voron.
• KVP ABS： A favorite among PIF vendors. Excellent dimensional consistency and layer adhesion. More expensive and harder to find outside the US.

ASA（替代方案）

ASA在化学性质上与ABS相似，但具有更优异的抗紫外线和耐候性。打印难度略高——需要更高的腔室温度（50-60°C）和更精确的冷却控制。哑光表面在Voron部件上效果极佳。若您的打印机将放置在车库、车间或窗户附近，请选用ASA。

PC-CF（不推荐）

碳纤维增强聚碳酸酯极其刚硬坚固，但并非Voron部件的合适材料。PC-CF对于Voron龙门架组件承受的冲击载荷而言过于脆硬。部件会在螺丝孔和螺纹嵌件周围开裂。请避免使用。

层方向——最重要的概念

ABS打印件具有各向异性——其在Z方向（层间）的强度显著低于XY平面。Voron部件承受复杂应力模式，尤其是龙门架转角处和XY关节部位，这些区域会经历拉伸、扭转和压缩应力。

原则： Orient each part so that layer lines are perpendicular to the primary stress direction. For example, a gantry corner bracket should be printed with its mounting flanges flat on the bed — this puts the shear load across layers rather than along them.

GitHub上的每个Voron STL文件都包含推荐的打印方向。请严格遵循。若改变方向，部件可能在负载下失效。

打印设置参考

以下是能产出可靠Voron部件的社区标准设置：

• 层高： 0.2mm (standard). Do not use 0.16mm or 0.12mm for structural parts — thinner layers have poorer interlayer adhesion.
• 喷嘴： 0.4mm (standard). A 0.6mm nozzle can be used for faster printing but may leave visible layer lines on cosmetic surfaces.
• 喷嘴温度： 240-260C depending on filament brand. Start at 245C for eSun ABS+ and adjust up or down.
• 热床温度： 100-110C. 105C is a good starting point. Use a PEI sheet or glass with ABS juice (ABS dissolved in acetone) or Vision Miner Nano Polymer adhesive.
• 腔室温度： 45-60C. Measure with a thermometer at the print location. If your chamber cannot maintain 45C minimum, parts will warp.

填充

Voron specification calls for 40-55% infill on structural parts. Use gyroid or honeycomb pattern — both provide good strength in all directions with minimal vibration during printing. Do not use grid or lines pattern; they create weak spots at intersections.

冷却

ABS needs very little cooling. Run the part cooling fan at 从第4层开始10-20%速度. The first three layers should have zero fan to maximize bed adhesion. Overcooling is a leading cause of warped ABS parts.

关键零件打印方向指南

• Gantry corners (V2.4, Trident): Print with the flat mounting face on the bed. The vertical arms should point upward. Use a brim of at least 8mm width.
• Toolhead carriage (所有型号): Print with the belt-clamp face on the bed. This ensures the belt clamping area is strong along the layer direction.
• XY joints (V2.4): Print with the bearing pockets facing up. Support overhangs if necessary — the bearing fit is critical and any sag will cause binding.
• Z motor mounts: Print with the motor flange flat on the bed. The screw holes for motor mounting must be clean — drill them out with a 2.5mm bit if they are tight.
• AB drive frames: Print on their side with supports. The belt path channels must be free of stringing and support residue.

后处理

打印完成后，每个部件在安装前都需要进行一些后处理工作。

• 小心移除 brims: Use flush cutters and sand the brim remnants flat. A poorly removed brim will prevent a part from seating flush against an extrusion.
• 为 heatset inserts 钻孔: Voron parts have undersized holes designed to be drilled to the exact diameter for M3 or M5 threaded inserts. Use a 4.2mm drill bit for M3 inserts and a 6.2mm bit for M5 inserts. A drill press or printed drilling guide ensures perpendicular holes.
• 打磨支撑面: Any surface that contacted supports will be rough. Sand with 120-180 grit until smooth, then clean with isopropyl alcohol to remove dust.
• 去除螺丝孔毛刺: ABS is notch-sensitive — a sharp edge at a screw hole can initiate a crack. Use a deburring tool or chamfer bit to break the edges.

常见打印缺陷排查

• 翘曲的角落: Check enclosure temperature (must be at least 45C). Increase brim width to 10-12mm. Ensure no drafts from enclosure gaps or the printer's own fans.
• 层间粘合不良: Chamber too cold (below 45C). Increase nozzle temperature by 5C. Reduce part cooling fan to 10% or less. Check for drafts.
• 尺寸不精确: Calibrate your extrusion multiplier (flow rate). Print a 20mm calibration cube and measure with calipers. Adjust extrusion multiplier so walls are the correct thickness. Re-measure after calibration.
• 部件间拉丝: Increase retraction distance slightly (0.5-1.0mm) or enable retract on layer change. ABS is less stringy than PLA, but poor retraction settings can still cause issues.
• 支撑留下的疤痕: Reduce support interface density or increase support Z distance. Consider tree/organic supports for parts with complex overhangs.

组装前最终检查清单

• 所有零件按正确方向打印，层纹垂直于受力方向
• 孔已钻至热压螺母的正确直径
• 所有裙边和支撑材料已移除，表面打磨光滑
• 安装前零件干式预装——若此时不匹配，组装时也不会匹配
• 将打印零件存放在干燥温暖环境中。ABS会随时间吸湿，影响配合度。

自行打印Voron部件是组装过程中最具挑战性但也最有成就感的环节之一。请放慢节奏，先在测试打印件上调试好设置，切勿仓促校准。一套打印精良的部件将支撑您的Voron稳定运行数千小时。